/*
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2013, Stephen Colebourne & Michael Nascimento Santos
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 *  * Neither the name of JSR-310 nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
 * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
 * EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
 * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
package org.threeten.bp;

import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.HOURS_PER_DAY;
import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.MICROS_PER_DAY;
import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.MILLIS_PER_DAY;
import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.MINUTES_PER_DAY;
import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.NANOS_PER_DAY;
import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.NANOS_PER_HOUR;
import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.NANOS_PER_MINUTE;
import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.NANOS_PER_SECOND;
import static org.threeten.bp.LocalTime.SECONDS_PER_DAY;

import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
import java.io.ObjectStreamException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Objects;

import org.threeten.bp.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import org.threeten.bp.format.DateTimeFormatters;
import org.threeten.bp.format.DateTimeParseException;
import org.threeten.bp.jdk8.DefaultInterfaceChronoLocalDateTime;
import org.threeten.bp.jdk8.Jdk8Methods;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.ChronoField;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.ChronoLocalDateTime;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.ChronoUnit;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.ISOChrono;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.Temporal;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.TemporalAccessor;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.TemporalAdder;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.TemporalAdjuster;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.TemporalAdjusters;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.TemporalField;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.TemporalQuery;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.TemporalSubtractor;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.TemporalUnit;
import org.threeten.bp.temporal.ValueRange;
import org.threeten.bp.zone.ZoneRules;

/**
 * A date-time without a time-zone in the ISO-8601 calendar system,
 * such as {@code 2007-12-03T10:15:30}.
 * <p>
 * {@code LocalDateTime} is an immutable date-time object that represents a date-time,
 * often viewed as year-month-day-hour-minute-second. Other date and time fields,
 * such as day-of-year, day-of-week and week-of-year, can also be accessed.
 * Time is represented to nanosecond precision.
 * For example, the value "2nd October 2007 at 13:45.30.123456789" can be
 * stored in a {@code LocalDateTime}.
 * <p>
 * This class does not store or represent a time-zone.
 * Instead, it is a description of the date, as used for birthdays, combined with
 * the local time as seen on a wall clock.
 * It cannot represent an instant on the time-line without additional information
 * such as an offset or time-zone.
 * <p>
 * The ISO-8601 calendar system is the modern civil calendar system used today
 * in most of the world. It is equivalent to the proleptic Gregorian calendar
 * system, in which today's rules for leap years are applied for all time.
 * For most applications written today, the ISO-8601 rules are entirely suitable.
 * However, any application that makes use of historical dates, and requires them
 * to be accurate will find the ISO-8601 approach unsuitable.
 *
 * <h3>Specification for implementors</h3>
 * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
 */
public final class LocalDateTime
        extends DefaultInterfaceChronoLocalDateTime<ISOChrono>
        implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, ChronoLocalDateTime<ISOChrono>, Serializable {

    /**
     * The minimum supported {@code LocalDateTime}, '-999999999-01-01T00:00:00'.
     * This is the local date-time of midnight at the start of the minimum date.
     * This combines {@link LocalDate#MIN} and {@link LocalTime#MIN}.
     * This could be used by an application as a "far past" date-time.
     */
    public static final LocalDateTime MIN = LocalDateTime.of(LocalDate.MIN, LocalTime.MIN);
    /**
     * The maximum supported {@code LocalDateTime}, '+999999999-12-31T23:59:59.999999999'.
     * This is the local date-time just before midnight at the end of the maximum date.
     * This combines {@link LocalDate#MAX} and {@link LocalTime#MAX}.
     * This could be used by an application as a "far future" date-time.
     */
    public static final LocalDateTime MAX = LocalDateTime.of(LocalDate.MAX, LocalTime.MAX);

    /**
     * Serialization version.
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6207766400415563566L;

    /**
     * The date part.
     */
    private final LocalDate date;
    /**
     * The time part.
     */
    private final LocalTime time;

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Obtains the current date-time from the system clock in the default time-zone.
     * <p>
     * This will query the {@link Clock#systemDefaultZone() system clock} in the default
     * time-zone to obtain the current date-time.
     * <p>
     * Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing
     * because the clock is hard-coded.
     *
     * @return the current date-time using the system clock and default time-zone, not null
     */
    public static LocalDateTime now() {
        return now(Clock.systemDefaultZone());
    }

    /**
     * Obtains the current date-time from the system clock in the specified time-zone.
     * <p>
     * This will query the {@link Clock#system(ZoneId) system clock} to obtain the current date-time.
     * Specifying the time-zone avoids dependence on the default time-zone.
     * <p>
     * Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing
     * because the clock is hard-coded.
     *
     * @param zone  the zone ID to use, not null
     * @return the current date-time using the system clock, not null
     */
    public static LocalDateTime now(ZoneId zone) {
        return now(Clock.system(zone));
    }

    /**
     * Obtains the current date-time from the specified clock.
     * <p>
     * This will query the specified clock to obtain the current date-time.
     * Using this method allows the use of an alternate clock for testing.
     * The alternate clock may be introduced using {@link Clock dependency injection}.
     *
     * @param clock  the clock to use, not null
     * @return the current date-time, not null
     */
    public static LocalDateTime now(Clock clock) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(clock, "clock");
        final Instant now = clock.instant();  // called once
        ZoneOffset offset = clock.getZone().getRules().getOffset(now);
        return ofEpochSecond(now.getEpochSecond(), now.getNano(), offset);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from year, month,
     * day, hour and minute, setting the second and nanosecond to zero.
     * <p>
     * The day must be valid for the year and month, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
     * The second and nanosecond fields will be set to zero.
     *
     * @param year  the year to represent, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEAR
     * @param month  the month-of-year to represent, not null
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day-of-month to represent, from 1 to 31
     * @param hour  the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
     * @param minute  the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year
     */
    public static LocalDateTime of(int year, Month month, int dayOfMonth, int hour, int minute) {
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(year, month, dayOfMonth);
        LocalTime time = LocalTime.of(hour, minute);
        return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
    }

    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from year, month,
     * day, hour, minute and second, setting the nanosecond to zero.
     * <p>
     * The day must be valid for the year and month, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
     * The nanosecond field will be set to zero.
     *
     * @param year  the year to represent, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEAR
     * @param month  the month-of-year to represent, not null
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day-of-month to represent, from 1 to 31
     * @param hour  the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
     * @param minute  the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @param second  the second-of-minute to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year
     */
    public static LocalDateTime of(int year, Month month, int dayOfMonth, int hour, int minute, int second) {
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(year, month, dayOfMonth);
        LocalTime time = LocalTime.of(hour, minute, second);
        return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
    }

    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from year, month,
     * day, hour, minute, second and nanosecond.
     * <p>
     * The day must be valid for the year and month, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
     *
     * @param year  the year to represent, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEAR
     * @param month  the month-of-year to represent, not null
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day-of-month to represent, from 1 to 31
     * @param hour  the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
     * @param minute  the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @param second  the second-of-minute to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @param nanoOfSecond  the nano-of-second to represent, from 0 to 999,999,999
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year
     */
    public static LocalDateTime of(int year, Month month, int dayOfMonth, int hour, int minute, int second, int nanoOfSecond) {
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(year, month, dayOfMonth);
        LocalTime time = LocalTime.of(hour, minute, second, nanoOfSecond);
        return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from year, month,
     * day, hour and minute, setting the second and nanosecond to zero.
     * <p>
     * The day must be valid for the year and month, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
     * The second and nanosecond fields will be set to zero.
     *
     * @param year  the year to represent, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEAR
     * @param month  the month-of-year to represent, from 1 (January) to 12 (December)
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day-of-month to represent, from 1 to 31
     * @param hour  the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
     * @param minute  the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year
     */
    public static LocalDateTime of(int year, int month, int dayOfMonth, int hour, int minute) {
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(year, month, dayOfMonth);
        LocalTime time = LocalTime.of(hour, minute);
        return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
    }

    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from year, month,
     * day, hour, minute and second, setting the nanosecond to zero.
     * <p>
     * The day must be valid for the year and month, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
     * The nanosecond field will be set to zero.
     *
     * @param year  the year to represent, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEAR
     * @param month  the month-of-year to represent, from 1 (January) to 12 (December)
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day-of-month to represent, from 1 to 31
     * @param hour  the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
     * @param minute  the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @param second  the second-of-minute to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year
     */
    public static LocalDateTime of(int year, int month, int dayOfMonth, int hour, int minute, int second) {
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(year, month, dayOfMonth);
        LocalTime time = LocalTime.of(hour, minute, second);
        return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
    }

    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from year, month,
     * day, hour, minute, second and nanosecond.
     * <p>
     * The day must be valid for the year and month, otherwise an exception will be thrown.
     *
     * @param year  the year to represent, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEAR
     * @param month  the month-of-year to represent, from 1 (January) to 12 (December)
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day-of-month to represent, from 1 to 31
     * @param hour  the hour-of-day to represent, from 0 to 23
     * @param minute  the minute-of-hour to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @param second  the second-of-minute to represent, from 0 to 59
     * @param nanoOfSecond  the nano-of-second to represent, from 0 to 999,999,999
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the value of any field is out of range
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year
     */
    public static LocalDateTime of(int year, int month, int dayOfMonth, int hour, int minute, int second, int nanoOfSecond) {
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(year, month, dayOfMonth);
        LocalTime time = LocalTime.of(hour, minute, second, nanoOfSecond);
        return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
    }

    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from a date and time.
     *
     * @param date  the local date, not null
     * @param time  the local time, not null
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     */
    public static LocalDateTime of(LocalDate date, LocalTime time) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(date, "date");
        Objects.requireNonNull(time, "time");
        return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
    }

    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from an {@code Instant} and zone ID.
     * <p>
     * This creates a local date-time based on the specified instant.
     * First, the offset from UTC/Greenwich is obtained using the zone ID and instant,
     * which is simple as there is only one valid offset for each instant.
     * Then, the instant and offset are used to calculate the local date-time.
     *
     * @param instant  the instant to create the date-time from, not null
     * @param zone  the time-zone, which may be an offset, not null
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported range
     */
    public static LocalDateTime ofInstant(Instant instant, ZoneId zone) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(instant, "instant");
        Objects.requireNonNull(zone, "zone");
        ZoneRules rules = zone.getRules();
        ZoneOffset offset = rules.getOffset(instant);
        return ofEpochSecond(instant.getEpochSecond(), instant.getNano(), offset);
    }

    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} using seconds from the
     * epoch of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z.
     * <p>
     * This allows the {@link ChronoField#INSTANT_SECONDS epoch-second} field
     * to be converted to a local date-time. This is primarily intended for
     * low-level conversions rather than general application usage.
     *
     * @param epochSecond  the number of seconds from the epoch of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
     * @param nanoOfSecond  the nanosecond within the second, from 0 to 999,999,999
     * @param offset  the zone offset, not null
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported range
     */
    public static LocalDateTime ofEpochSecond(long epochSecond, int nanoOfSecond, ZoneOffset offset) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(offset, "offset");
        long localSecond = epochSecond + offset.getTotalSeconds();  // overflow caught later
        long localEpochDay = Jdk8Methods.floorDiv(localSecond, SECONDS_PER_DAY);
        int secsOfDay = Jdk8Methods.floorMod(localSecond, SECONDS_PER_DAY);
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.ofEpochDay(localEpochDay);
        LocalTime time = LocalTime.ofSecondOfDay(secsOfDay, nanoOfSecond);
        return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from a temporal object.
     * <p>
     * A {@code TemporalAccessor} represents some form of date and time information.
     * This factory converts the arbitrary temporal object to an instance of {@code LocalDateTime}.
     * <p>
     * The conversion extracts and combines {@code LocalDate} and {@code LocalTime}.
     * <p>
     * This method matches the signature of the functional interface {@link TemporalQuery}
     * allowing it to be used as a query via method reference, {@code LocalDateTime::from}.
     *
     * @param temporal  the temporal object to convert, not null
     * @return the local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if unable to convert to a {@code LocalDateTime}
     */
    public static LocalDateTime from(TemporalAccessor temporal) {
        if (temporal instanceof LocalDateTime) {
            return (LocalDateTime) temporal;
        } else if (temporal instanceof ZonedDateTime) {
            return ((ZonedDateTime) temporal).getDateTime();
        }
        try {
            LocalDate date = LocalDate.from(temporal);
            LocalTime time = LocalTime.from(temporal);
            return new LocalDateTime(date, time);
        } catch (DateTimeException ex) {
            throw new DateTimeException("Unable to obtain LocalDateTime from TemporalAccessor: " + temporal.getClass(), ex);
        }
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from a text string such as {@code 2007-12-03T10:15:30}.
     * <p>
     * The string must represent a valid date-time and is parsed using
     * {@link org.threeten.bp.format.DateTimeFormatters#isoLocalDateTime()}.
     *
     * @param text  the text to parse such as "2007-12-03T10:15:30", not null
     * @return the parsed local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeParseException if the text cannot be parsed
     */
    public static LocalDateTime parse(CharSequence text) {
        return parse(text, DateTimeFormatters.isoLocalDateTime());
    }

    /**
     * Obtains an instance of {@code LocalDateTime} from a text string using a specific formatter.
     * <p>
     * The text is parsed using the formatter, returning a date-time.
     *
     * @param text  the text to parse, not null
     * @param formatter  the formatter to use, not null
     * @return the parsed local date-time, not null
     * @throws DateTimeParseException if the text cannot be parsed
     */
    public static LocalDateTime parse(CharSequence text, DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(formatter, "formatter");
        return formatter.parse(text, LocalDateTime.class);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param date  the date part of the date-time, validated not null
     * @param time  the time part of the date-time, validated not null
     */
    private LocalDateTime(LocalDate date, LocalTime time) {
        this.date = date;
        this.time = time;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date-time with the new date and time, checking
     * to see if a new object is in fact required.
     *
     * @param newDate  the date of the new date-time, not null
     * @param newTime  the time of the new date-time, not null
     * @return the date-time, not null
     */
    private LocalDateTime with(LocalDate newDate, LocalTime newTime) {
        if (date == newDate && time == newTime) {
            return this;
        }
        return new LocalDateTime(newDate, newTime);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Checks if the specified field is supported.
     * <p>
     * This checks if this date-time can be queried for the specified field.
     * If false, then calling the {@link #range(TemporalField) range} and
     * {@link #get(TemporalField) get} methods will throw an exception.
     * <p>
     * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
     * The supported fields are:
     * <ul>
     * <li>{@code NANO_OF_SECOND}
     * <li>{@code NANO_OF_DAY}
     * <li>{@code MICRO_OF_SECOND}
     * <li>{@code MICRO_OF_DAY}
     * <li>{@code MILLI_OF_SECOND}
     * <li>{@code MILLI_OF_DAY}
     * <li>{@code SECOND_OF_MINUTE}
     * <li>{@code SECOND_OF_DAY}
     * <li>{@code MINUTE_OF_HOUR}
     * <li>{@code MINUTE_OF_DAY}
     * <li>{@code HOUR_OF_AMPM}
     * <li>{@code CLOCK_HOUR_OF_AMPM}
     * <li>{@code HOUR_OF_DAY}
     * <li>{@code CLOCK_HOUR_OF_DAY}
     * <li>{@code AMPM_OF_DAY}
     * <li>{@code DAY_OF_WEEK}
     * <li>{@code ALIGNED_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH}
     * <li>{@code ALIGNED_DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_YEAR}
     * <li>{@code DAY_OF_MONTH}
     * <li>{@code DAY_OF_YEAR}
     * <li>{@code EPOCH_DAY}
     * <li>{@code ALIGNED_WEEK_OF_MONTH}
     * <li>{@code ALIGNED_WEEK_OF_YEAR}
     * <li>{@code MONTH_OF_YEAR}
     * <li>{@code EPOCH_MONTH}
     * <li>{@code YEAR_OF_ERA}
     * <li>{@code YEAR}
     * <li>{@code ERA}
     * </ul>
     * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will return false.
     * <p>
     * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
     * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doIsSupported(TemporalAccessor)}
     * passing {@code this} as the argument.
     * Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.
     *
     * @param field  the field to check, null returns false
     * @return true if the field is supported on this date-time, false if not
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isSupported(TemporalField field) {
        if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
            ChronoField f = (ChronoField) field;
            return f.isDateField() || f.isTimeField();
        }
        return field != null && field.doIsSupported(this);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.
     * <p>
     * The range object expresses the minimum and maximum valid values for a field.
     * This date-time is used to enhance the accuracy of the returned range.
     * If it is not possible to return the range, because the field is not supported
     * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
     * The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return
     * appropriate range instances.
     * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw a {@code DateTimeException}.
     * <p>
     * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
     * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doRange(TemporalAccessor)}
     * passing {@code this} as the argument.
     * Whether the range can be obtained is determined by the field.
     *
     * @param field  the field to query the range for, not null
     * @return the range of valid values for the field, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the range for the field cannot be obtained
     */
    @Override
    public ValueRange range(TemporalField field) {
        if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
            ChronoField f = (ChronoField) field;
            return (f.isTimeField() ? time.range(field) : date.range(field));
        }
        return field.doRange(this);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the specified field from this date-time as an {@code int}.
     * <p>
     * This queries this date-time for the value for the specified field.
     * The returned value will always be within the valid range of values for the field.
     * If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported
     * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
     * The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return valid
     * values based on this date-time, except {@code NANO_OF_DAY}, {@code MICRO_OF_DAY},
     * {@code EPOCH_DAY} and {@code EPOCH_MONTH} which are too large to fit in
     * an {@code int} and throw a {@code DateTimeException}.
     * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw a {@code DateTimeException}.
     * <p>
     * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
     * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doGet(TemporalAccessor)}
     * passing {@code this} as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
     * and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
     *
     * @param field  the field to get, not null
     * @return the value for the field
     * @throws DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
     */
    @Override
    public int get(TemporalField field) {
        if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
            ChronoField f = (ChronoField) field;
            return (f.isTimeField() ? time.get(field) : date.get(field));
        }
        return super.get(field);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the value of the specified field from this date-time as a {@code long}.
     * <p>
     * This queries this date-time for the value for the specified field.
     * If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported
     * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
     * The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return valid
     * values based on this date-time.
     * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw a {@code DateTimeException}.
     * <p>
     * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
     * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doGet(TemporalAccessor)}
     * passing {@code this} as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
     * and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
     *
     * @param field  the field to get, not null
     * @return the value for the field
     * @throws DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
     */
    @Override
    public long getLong(TemporalField field) {
        if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
            ChronoField f = (ChronoField) field;
            return (f.isTimeField() ? time.getLong(field) : date.getLong(field));
        }
        return field.doGet(this);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Gets the {@code LocalDate} part of this date-time.
     * <p>
     * This returns a {@code LocalDate} with the same year, month and day
     * as this date-time.
     *
     * @return the date part of this date-time, not null
     */
    @Override
    public LocalDate getDate() {
        return date;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the year field.
     * <p>
     * This method returns the primitive {@code int} value for the year.
     * <p>
     * The year returned by this method is proleptic as per {@code get(YEAR)}.
     * To obtain the year-of-era, use {@code get(YEAR_OF_ERA}.
     *
     * @return the year, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEAR
     */
    public int getYear() {
        return date.getYear();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the month-of-year field from 1 to 12.
     * <p>
     * This method returns the month as an {@code int} from 1 to 12.
     * Application code is frequently clearer if the enum {@link Month}
     * is used by calling {@link #getMonth()}.
     *
     * @return the month-of-year, from 1 to 12
     * @see #getMonth()
     */
    public int getMonthValue() {
        return date.getMonthValue();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the month-of-year field using the {@code Month} enum.
     * <p>
     * This method returns the enum {@link Month} for the month.
     * This avoids confusion as to what {@code int} values mean.
     * If you need access to the primitive {@code int} value then the enum
     * provides the {@link Month#getValue() int value}.
     *
     * @return the month-of-year, not null
     * @see #getMonthValue()
     */
    public Month getMonth() {
        return date.getMonth();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the day-of-month field.
     * <p>
     * This method returns the primitive {@code int} value for the day-of-month.
     *
     * @return the day-of-month, from 1 to 31
     */
    public int getDayOfMonth() {
        return date.getDayOfMonth();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the day-of-year field.
     * <p>
     * This method returns the primitive {@code int} value for the day-of-year.
     *
     * @return the day-of-year, from 1 to 365, or 366 in a leap year
     */
    public int getDayOfYear() {
        return date.getDayOfYear();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the day-of-week field, which is an enum {@code DayOfWeek}.
     * <p>
     * This method returns the enum {@link DayOfWeek} for the day-of-week.
     * This avoids confusion as to what {@code int} values mean.
     * If you need access to the primitive {@code int} value then the enum
     * provides the {@link DayOfWeek#getValue() int value}.
     * <p>
     * Additional information can be obtained from the {@code DayOfWeek}.
     * This includes textual names of the values.
     *
     * @return the day-of-week, not null
     */
    public DayOfWeek getDayOfWeek() {
        return date.getDayOfWeek();
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Gets the {@code LocalTime} part of this date-time.
     * <p>
     * This returns a {@code LocalTime} with the same hour, minute, second and
     * nanosecond as this date-time.
     *
     * @return the time part of this date-time, not null
     */
    @Override
    public LocalTime getTime() {
        return time;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the hour-of-day field.
     *
     * @return the hour-of-day, from 0 to 23
     */
    public int getHour() {
        return time.getHour();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the minute-of-hour field.
     *
     * @return the minute-of-hour, from 0 to 59
     */
    public int getMinute() {
        return time.getMinute();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the second-of-minute field.
     *
     * @return the second-of-minute, from 0 to 59
     */
    public int getSecond() {
        return time.getSecond();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the nano-of-second field.
     *
     * @return the nano-of-second, from 0 to 999,999,999
     */
    public int getNano() {
        return time.getNano();
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns an adjusted copy of this date-time.
     * <p>
     * This returns a new {@code LocalDateTime}, based on this one, with the date-time adjusted.
     * The adjustment takes place using the specified adjuster strategy object.
     * Read the documentation of the adjuster to understand what adjustment will be made.
     * <p>
     * A simple adjuster might simply set the one of the fields, such as the year field.
     * A more complex adjuster might set the date to the last day of the month.
     * A selection of common adjustments is provided in {@link TemporalAdjusters}.
     * These include finding the "last day of the month" and "next Wednesday".
     * Key date-time classes also implement the {@code TemporalAdjuster} interface,
     * such as {@link Month} and {@link MonthDay MonthDay}.
     * The adjuster is responsible for handling special cases, such as the varying
     * lengths of month and leap years.
     * <p>
     * For example this code returns a date on the last day of July:
     * <pre>
     *  import static org.threeten.bp.Month.*;
     *  import static org.threeten.bp.temporal.Adjusters.*;
     *
     *  result = localDateTime.with(JULY).with(lastDayOfMonth());
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * The classes {@link LocalDate} and {@link LocalTime} implement {@code TemporalAdjuster},
     * thus this method can be used to change the date, time or offset:
     * <pre>
     *  result = localDateTime.with(date);
     *  result = localDateTime.with(time);
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
     * {@link TemporalAdjuster#adjustInto(Temporal)} method on the
     * specified adjuster passing {@code this} as the argument.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param adjuster the adjuster to use, not null
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on {@code this} with the adjustment made, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the adjustment cannot be made
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
     */
    @Override
    public LocalDateTime with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster) {
        // optimizations
        if (adjuster instanceof LocalDate) {
            return with((LocalDate) adjuster, time);
        } else if (adjuster instanceof LocalTime) {
            return with(date, (LocalTime) adjuster);
        } else if (adjuster instanceof LocalDateTime) {
            return (LocalDateTime) adjuster;
        }
        return (LocalDateTime) adjuster.adjustInto(this);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date-time with the specified field set to a new value.
     * <p>
     * This returns a new {@code LocalDateTime}, based on this one, with the value
     * for the specified field changed.
     * This can be used to change any supported field, such as the year, month or day-of-month.
     * If it is not possible to set the value, because the field is not supported or for
     * some other reason, an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * In some cases, changing the specified field can cause the resulting date-time to become invalid,
     * such as changing the month from 31st January to February would make the day-of-month invalid.
     * In cases like this, the field is responsible for resolving the date. Typically it will choose
     * the previous valid date, which would be the last valid day of February in this example.
     * <p>
     * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the adjustment is implemented here.
     * The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will behave as per
     * the matching method on {@link LocalDate#with(TemporalField, long) LocalDate}
     * or {@link LocalTime#with(TemporalField, long) LocalTime}.
     * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw a {@code DateTimeException}.
     * <p>
     * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
     * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.doWith(Temporal, long)}
     * passing {@code this} as the argument. In this case, the field determines
     * whether and how to adjust the instant.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param field  the field to set in the result, not null
     * @param newValue  the new value of the field in the result
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on {@code this} with the specified field set, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the field cannot be set
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
     */
    @Override
    public LocalDateTime with(TemporalField field, long newValue) {
        if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
            ChronoField f = (ChronoField) field;
            if (f.isTimeField()) {
                return with(date, time.with(field, newValue));
            } else {
                return with(date.with(field, newValue), time);
            }
        }
        return field.doWith(this, newValue);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the year altered.
     * The time does not affect the calculation and will be the same in the result.
     * If the day-of-month is invalid for the year, it will be changed to the last valid day of the month.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param year  the year to set in the result, from MIN_YEAR to MAX_YEAR
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the requested year, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the year value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDateTime withYear(int year) {
        return with(date.withYear(year), time);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the month-of-year altered.
     * The time does not affect the calculation and will be the same in the result.
     * If the day-of-month is invalid for the year, it will be changed to the last valid day of the month.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param month  the month-of-year to set in the result, from 1 (January) to 12 (December)
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the requested month, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the month-of-year value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDateTime withMonth(int month) {
        return with(date.withMonth(month), time);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the day-of-month altered.
     * If the resulting {@code LocalDateTime} is invalid, an exception is thrown.
     * The time does not affect the calculation and will be the same in the result.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param dayOfMonth  the day-of-month to set in the result, from 1 to 28-31
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the requested day, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-month value is invalid
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-month is invalid for the month-year
     */
    public LocalDateTime withDayOfMonth(int dayOfMonth) {
        return with(date.withDayOfMonth(dayOfMonth), time);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the day-of-year altered.
     * If the resulting {@code LocalDateTime} is invalid, an exception is thrown.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param dayOfYear  the day-of-year to set in the result, from 1 to 365-366
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date with the requested day, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-year value is invalid
     * @throws DateTimeException if the day-of-year is invalid for the year
     */
    public LocalDateTime withDayOfYear(int dayOfYear) {
        return with(date.withDayOfYear(dayOfYear), time);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the hour-of-day value altered.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param hour  the hour-of-day to set in the result, from 0 to 23
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the requested hour, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the hour value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDateTime withHour(int hour) {
        LocalTime newTime = time.withHour(hour);
        return with(date, newTime);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the minute-of-hour value altered.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param minute  the minute-of-hour to set in the result, from 0 to 59
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the requested minute, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the minute value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDateTime withMinute(int minute) {
        LocalTime newTime = time.withMinute(minute);
        return with(date, newTime);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the second-of-minute value altered.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param second  the second-of-minute to set in the result, from 0 to 59
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the requested second, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the second value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDateTime withSecond(int second) {
        LocalTime newTime = time.withSecond(second);
        return with(date, newTime);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the nano-of-second value altered.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param nanoOfSecond  the nano-of-second to set in the result, from 0 to 999,999,999
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the requested nanosecond, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the nano value is invalid
     */
    public LocalDateTime withNano(int nanoOfSecond) {
        LocalTime newTime = time.withNano(nanoOfSecond);
        return with(date, newTime);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the time truncated.
     * <p>
     * Truncation returns a copy of the original date-time with fields
     * smaller than the specified unit set to zero.
     * For example, truncating with the {@link ChronoUnit#MINUTES minutes} unit
     * will set the second-of-minute and nano-of-second field to zero.
     * <p>
     * Not all units are accepted. The {@link ChronoUnit#DAYS days} unit and time
     * units with an exact duration can be used, other units throw an exception.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param unit  the unit to truncate to, not null
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the time truncated, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if unable to truncate
     */
    public LocalDateTime truncatedTo(TemporalUnit unit) {
        return with(date, time.truncatedTo(unit));
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date-time with the specified period added.
     * <p>
     * This method returns a new date-time based on this time with the specified period added.
     * The adder is typically {@link Period} but may be any other type implementing
     * the {@link TemporalAdder} interface.
     * The calculation is delegated to the specified adjuster, which typically calls
     * back to {@link #plus(long, TemporalUnit)}.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param adder  the adder to use, not null
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the addition made, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the addition cannot be made
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
     */
    @Override
    public LocalDateTime plus(TemporalAdder adder) {
        return (LocalDateTime) adder.addTo(this);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date-time with the specified period added.
     * <p>
     * This method returns a new date-time based on this date-time with the specified period added.
     * This can be used to add any period that is defined by a unit, for example to add years, months or days.
     * The unit is responsible for the details of the calculation, including the resolution
     * of any edge cases in the calculation.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param amountToAdd  the amount of the unit to add to the result, may be negative
     * @param unit  the unit of the period to add, not null
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the specified period added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the unit cannot be added to this type
     */
    @Override
    public LocalDateTime plus(long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit) {
        if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit) {
            ChronoUnit f = (ChronoUnit) unit;
            switch (f) {
                case NANOS: return plusNanos(amountToAdd);
                case MICROS: return plusDays(amountToAdd / MICROS_PER_DAY).plusNanos((amountToAdd % MICROS_PER_DAY) * 1000);
                case MILLIS: return plusDays(amountToAdd / MILLIS_PER_DAY).plusNanos((amountToAdd % MILLIS_PER_DAY) * 1000_000);
                case SECONDS: return plusSeconds(amountToAdd);
                case MINUTES: return plusMinutes(amountToAdd);
                case HOURS: return plusHours(amountToAdd);
                case HALF_DAYS: return plusDays(amountToAdd / 256).plusHours((amountToAdd % 256) * 12);  // no overflow (256 is multiple of 2)
            }
            return with(date.plus(amountToAdd, unit), time);
        }
        return unit.doPlus(this, amountToAdd);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in years added.
     * <p>
     * This method adds the specified amount to the years field in three steps:
     * <ol>
     * <li>Add the input years to the year field</li>
     * <li>Check if the resulting date would be invalid</li>
     * <li>Adjust the day-of-month to the last valid day if necessary</li>
     * </ol>
     * <p>
     * For example, 2008-02-29 (leap year) plus one year would result in the
     * invalid date 2009-02-29 (standard year). Instead of returning an invalid
     * result, the last valid day of the month, 2009-02-28, is selected instead.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param years  the years to add, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the years added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime plusYears(long years) {
        LocalDate newDate = date.plusYears(years);
        return with(newDate, time);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in months added.
     * <p>
     * This method adds the specified amount to the months field in three steps:
     * <ol>
     * <li>Add the input months to the month-of-year field</li>
     * <li>Check if the resulting date would be invalid</li>
     * <li>Adjust the day-of-month to the last valid day if necessary</li>
     * </ol>
     * <p>
     * For example, 2007-03-31 plus one month would result in the invalid date
     * 2007-04-31. Instead of returning an invalid result, the last valid day
     * of the month, 2007-04-30, is selected instead.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param months  the months to add, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the months added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime plusMonths(long months) {
        LocalDate newDate = date.plusMonths(months);
        return with(newDate, time);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in weeks added.
     * <p>
     * This method adds the specified amount in weeks to the days field incrementing
     * the month and year fields as necessary to ensure the result remains valid.
     * The result is only invalid if the maximum/minimum year is exceeded.
     * <p>
     * For example, 2008-12-31 plus one week would result in 2009-01-07.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param weeks  the weeks to add, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the weeks added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime plusWeeks(long weeks) {
        LocalDate newDate = date.plusWeeks(weeks);
        return with(newDate, time);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in days added.
     * <p>
     * This method adds the specified amount to the days field incrementing the
     * month and year fields as necessary to ensure the result remains valid.
     * The result is only invalid if the maximum/minimum year is exceeded.
     * <p>
     * For example, 2008-12-31 plus one day would result in 2009-01-01.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param days  the days to add, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the days added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime plusDays(long days) {
        LocalDate newDate = date.plusDays(days);
        return with(newDate, time);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in hours added.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param hours  the hours to add, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the hours added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime plusHours(long hours) {
        return plusWithOverflow(date, hours, 0, 0, 0, 1);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in minutes added.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param minutes  the minutes to add, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the minutes added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime plusMinutes(long minutes) {
        return plusWithOverflow(date, 0, minutes, 0, 0, 1);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in seconds added.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param seconds  the seconds to add, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the seconds added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime plusSeconds(long seconds) {
        return plusWithOverflow(date, 0, 0, seconds, 0, 1);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in nanoseconds added.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param nanos  the nanos to add, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the nanoseconds added, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime plusNanos(long nanos) {
        return plusWithOverflow(date, 0, 0, 0, nanos, 1);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date-time with the specified period subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This method returns a new date-time based on this time with the specified period subtracted.
     * The subtractor is typically {@link Period} but may be any other type implementing
     * the {@link TemporalSubtractor} interface.
     * The calculation is delegated to the specified adjuster, which typically calls
     * back to {@link #minus(long, TemporalUnit)}.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param subtractor  the subtractor to use, not null
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the subtraction made, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the subtraction cannot be made
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
     */
    @Override
    public LocalDateTime minus(TemporalSubtractor subtractor) {
        return (LocalDateTime) subtractor.subtractFrom(this);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this date-time with the specified period subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This method returns a new date-time based on this date-time with the specified period subtracted.
     * This can be used to subtract any period that is defined by a unit, for example to subtract years, months or days.
     * The unit is responsible for the details of the calculation, including the resolution
     * of any edge cases in the calculation.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param amountToSubtract  the amount of the unit to subtract from the result, may be negative
     * @param unit  the unit of the period to subtract, not null
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the specified period subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the unit cannot be added to this type
     */
    @Override
    public LocalDateTime minus(long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit) {
        return (amountToSubtract == Long.MIN_VALUE ? plus(Long.MAX_VALUE, unit).plus(1, unit) : plus(-amountToSubtract, unit));
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in years subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This method subtracts the specified amount from the years field in three steps:
     * <ol>
     * <li>Subtract the input years from the year field</li>
     * <li>Check if the resulting date would be invalid</li>
     * <li>Adjust the day-of-month to the last valid day if necessary</li>
     * </ol>
     * <p>
     * For example, 2008-02-29 (leap year) minus one year would result in the
     * invalid date 2009-02-29 (standard year). Instead of returning an invalid
     * result, the last valid day of the month, 2009-02-28, is selected instead.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param years  the years to subtract, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the years subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime minusYears(long years) {
        return (years == Long.MIN_VALUE ? plusYears(Long.MAX_VALUE).plusYears(1) : plusYears(-years));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in months subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This method subtracts the specified amount from the months field in three steps:
     * <ol>
     * <li>Subtract the input months from the month-of-year field</li>
     * <li>Check if the resulting date would be invalid</li>
     * <li>Adjust the day-of-month to the last valid day if necessary</li>
     * </ol>
     * <p>
     * For example, 2007-03-31 minus one month would result in the invalid date
     * 2007-04-31. Instead of returning an invalid result, the last valid day
     * of the month, 2007-04-30, is selected instead.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param months  the months to subtract, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the months subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime minusMonths(long months) {
        return (months == Long.MIN_VALUE ? plusMonths(Long.MAX_VALUE).plusMonths(1) : plusMonths(-months));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in weeks subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This method subtracts the specified amount in weeks from the days field decrementing
     * the month and year fields as necessary to ensure the result remains valid.
     * The result is only invalid if the maximum/minimum year is exceeded.
     * <p>
     * For example, 2009-01-07 minus one week would result in 2008-12-31.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param weeks  the weeks to subtract, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the weeks subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime minusWeeks(long weeks) {
        return (weeks == Long.MIN_VALUE ? plusWeeks(Long.MAX_VALUE).plusWeeks(1) : plusWeeks(-weeks));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in days subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This method subtracts the specified amount from the days field incrementing the
     * month and year fields as necessary to ensure the result remains valid.
     * The result is only invalid if the maximum/minimum year is exceeded.
     * <p>
     * For example, 2009-01-01 minus one day would result in 2008-12-31.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param days  the days to subtract, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the days subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime minusDays(long days) {
        return (days == Long.MIN_VALUE ? plusDays(Long.MAX_VALUE).plusDays(1) : plusDays(-days));
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in hours subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param hours  the hours to subtract, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the hours subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime minusHours(long hours) {
        return plusWithOverflow(date, hours, 0, 0, 0, -1);
   }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in minutes subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param minutes  the minutes to subtract, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the minutes subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime minusMinutes(long minutes) {
        return plusWithOverflow(date, 0, minutes, 0, 0, -1);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in seconds subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param seconds  the seconds to subtract, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the seconds subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime minusSeconds(long seconds) {
        return plusWithOverflow(date, 0, 0, seconds, 0, -1);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period in nanoseconds subtracted.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param nanos  the nanos to subtract, may be negative
     * @return a {@code LocalDateTime} based on this date-time with the nanoseconds subtracted, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported date range
     */
    public LocalDateTime minusNanos(long nanos) {
        return plusWithOverflow(date, 0, 0, 0, nanos, -1);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns a copy of this {@code LocalDateTime} with the specified period added.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param newDate  the new date to base the calculation on, not null
     * @param hours  the hours to add, may be negative
     * @param minutes the minutes to add, may be negative
     * @param seconds the seconds to add, may be negative
     * @param nanos the nanos to add, may be negative
     * @param sign  the sign to determine add or subtract
     * @return the combined result, not null
     */
    private LocalDateTime plusWithOverflow(LocalDate newDate, long hours, long minutes, long seconds, long nanos, int sign) {
        // 9223372036854775808 long, 2147483648 int
        if ((hours | minutes | seconds | nanos) == 0) {
            return with(newDate, time);
        }
        long totDays = nanos / NANOS_PER_DAY +             //   max/24*60*60*1B
                seconds / SECONDS_PER_DAY +                //   max/24*60*60
                minutes / MINUTES_PER_DAY +                //   max/24*60
                hours / HOURS_PER_DAY;                     //   max/24
        totDays *= sign;                                   // total max*0.4237...
        long totNanos = nanos % NANOS_PER_DAY +                    //   max  86400000000000
                (seconds % SECONDS_PER_DAY) * NANOS_PER_SECOND +   //   max  86400000000000
                (minutes % MINUTES_PER_DAY) * NANOS_PER_MINUTE +   //   max  86400000000000
                (hours % HOURS_PER_DAY) * NANOS_PER_HOUR;          //   max  86400000000000
        long curNoD = time.toNanoOfDay();                       //   max  86400000000000
        totNanos = totNanos * sign + curNoD;                    // total 432000000000000
        totDays += Jdk8Methods.floorDiv(totNanos, NANOS_PER_DAY);
        long newNoD = Jdk8Methods.floorMod(totNanos, NANOS_PER_DAY);
        LocalTime newTime = (newNoD == curNoD ? time : LocalTime.ofNanoOfDay(newNoD));
        return with(newDate.plusDays(totDays), newTime);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Queries this date-time using the specified query.
     * <p>
     * This queries this date-time using the specified query strategy object.
     * The {@code TemporalQuery} object defines the logic to be used to
     * obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand
     * what the result of this method will be.
     * <p>
     * The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
     * {@link TemporalQuery#queryFrom(TemporalAccessor)} method on the
     * specified query passing {@code this} as the argument.
     *
     * @param <R> the type of the result
     * @param query  the query to invoke, not null
     * @return the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)
     * @throws DateTimeException if unable to query (defined by the query)
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs (defined by the query)
     */
    @Override  // override for Javadoc
    public <R> R query(TemporalQuery<R> query) {
        return super.query(query);
    }

    /**
     * Adjusts the specified temporal object to have the same date and time as this object.
     * <p>
     * This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input
     * with the date and time changed to be the same as this.
     * <p>
     * The adjustment is equivalent to using {@link Temporal#with(TemporalField, long)}
     * twice, passing {@link ChronoField#EPOCH_DAY} and
     * {@link ChronoField#NANO_OF_DAY} as the fields.
     * <p>
     * In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using
     * {@link Temporal#with(TemporalAdjuster)}:
     * <pre>
     *   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
     *   temporal = thisLocalDateTime.adjustInto(temporal);
     *   temporal = temporal.with(thisLocalDateTime);
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param temporal  the target object to be adjusted, not null
     * @return the adjusted object, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if unable to make the adjustment
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
     */
    @Override  // override for Javadoc
    public Temporal adjustInto(Temporal temporal) {
        return super.adjustInto(temporal);
    }

    /**
     * Calculates the period between this date-time and another date-time in
     * terms of the specified unit.
     * <p>
     * This calculates the period between two date-times in terms of a single unit.
     * The start and end points are {@code this} and the specified date-time.
     * The result will be negative if the end is before the start.
     * The {@code Temporal} passed to this method must be a {@code LocalDateTime}.
     * For example, the period in days between two date-times can be calculated
     * using {@code startDateTime.periodUntil(endDateTime, DAYS)}.
     * <p>
     * The calculation returns a whole number, representing the number of
     * complete units between the two date-times.
     * For example, the period in months between 2012-06-15T00:00 and 2012-08-14T23:59
     * will only be one month as it is one minute short of two months.
     * <p>
     * This method operates in association with {@link TemporalUnit#between}.
     * The result of this method is a {@code long} representing the amount of
     * the specified unit. By contrast, the result of {@code between} is an
     * object that can be used directly in addition/subtraction:
     * <pre>
     *   long period = start.periodUntil(end, MONTHS);   // this method
     *   dateTime.plus(MONTHS.between(start, end));      // use in plus/minus
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * The calculation is implemented in this method for {@link ChronoUnit}.
     * The units {@code NANOS}, {@code MICROS}, {@code MILLIS}, {@code SECONDS},
     * {@code MINUTES}, {@code HOURS} and {@code HALF_DAYS}, {@code DAYS},
     * {@code WEEKS}, {@code MONTHS}, {@code YEARS}, {@code DECADES},
     * {@code CENTURIES}, {@code MILLENNIA} and {@code ERAS} are supported.
     * Other {@code ChronoUnit} values will throw an exception.
     * <p>
     * If the unit is not a {@code ChronoUnit}, then the result of this method
     * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalUnit.between(Temporal, Temporal)}
     * passing {@code this} as the first argument and the input temporal as
     * the second argument.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param endDateTime  the end date-time, which must be a {@code LocalDateTime}, not null
     * @param unit  the unit to measure the period in, not null
     * @return the amount of the period between this date-time and the end date-time
     * @throws DateTimeException if the period cannot be calculated
     * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
     */
    @Override
    public long periodUntil(Temporal endDateTime, TemporalUnit unit) {
        if (endDateTime instanceof LocalDateTime == false) {
            Objects.requireNonNull(endDateTime, "endDateTime");
            throw new DateTimeException("Unable to calculate period between objects of two different types");
        }
        LocalDateTime end = (LocalDateTime) endDateTime;
        if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit) {
            ChronoUnit f = (ChronoUnit) unit;
            if (f.isTimeUnit()) {
                long amount = date.daysUntil(end.date);
                switch (f) {
                    case NANOS: amount = Jdk8Methods.safeMultiply(amount, NANOS_PER_DAY); break;
                    case MICROS: amount = Jdk8Methods.safeMultiply(amount, MICROS_PER_DAY); break;
                    case MILLIS: amount = Jdk8Methods.safeMultiply(amount, MILLIS_PER_DAY); break;
                    case SECONDS: amount = Jdk8Methods.safeMultiply(amount, SECONDS_PER_DAY); break;
                    case MINUTES: amount = Jdk8Methods.safeMultiply(amount, MINUTES_PER_DAY); break;
                    case HOURS: amount = Jdk8Methods.safeMultiply(amount, HOURS_PER_DAY); break;
                    case HALF_DAYS: amount = Jdk8Methods.safeMultiply(amount, 2); break;
                }
                return Jdk8Methods.safeAdd(amount, time.periodUntil(end.time, unit));
            }
            LocalDate endDate = end.date;
            if (end.time.isBefore(time)) {
                endDate = endDate.minusDays(1);
            }
            return date.periodUntil(endDate, unit);
        }
        return unit.between(this, endDateTime).getAmount();
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Returns an offset date-time formed from this date-time and the specified offset.
     * <p>
     * This combines this date-time with the specified offset to form an {@code OffsetDateTime}.
     * All possible combinations of date-time and offset are valid.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param offset  the offset to combine with, not null
     * @return the offset date-time formed from this date-time and the specified offset, not null
     */
    public OffsetDateTime atOffset(ZoneOffset offset) {
        return OffsetDateTime.of(this, offset);
    }

    /**
     * Returns a zoned date-time formed from this date-time and the specified time-zone.
     * <p>
     * This creates a zoned date-time matching the input date-time as closely as possible.
     * Time-zone rules, such as daylight savings, mean that not every local date-time
     * is valid for the specified zone, thus the local date-time may be adjusted.
     * <p>
     * The local date-time is resolved to a single instant on the time-line.
     * This is achieved by finding a valid offset from UTC/Greenwich for the local
     * date-time as defined by the {@link ZoneRules rules} of the zone ID.
     *<p>
     * In most cases, there is only one valid offset for a local date-time.
     * In the case of an overlap, where clocks are set back, there are two valid offsets.
     * This method uses the earlier offset typically corresponding to "summer".
     * <p>
     * In the case of a gap, where clocks jump forward, there is no valid offset.
     * Instead, the local date-time is adjusted to be later by the length of the gap.
     * For a typical one hour daylight savings change, the local date-time will be
     * moved one hour later into the offset typically corresponding to "summer".
     * <p>
     * To obtain the later offset during an overlap, call
     * {@link ZonedDateTime#withLaterOffsetAtOverlap()} on the result of this method.
     * To throw an exception when there is a gap or overlap, use
     * {@link ZonedDateTime#ofStrict(LocalDateTime, ZoneOffset, ZoneId)}.
     * <p>
     * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
     *
     * @param zone  the time-zone to use, not null
     * @return the zoned date-time formed from this date-time, not null
     */
    @Override
    public ZonedDateTime atZone(ZoneId zone) {
        return ZonedDateTime.of(this, zone);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Compares this date-time to another date-time.
     * <p>
     * The comparison is primarily based on the date-time, from earliest to latest.
     * It is "consistent with equals", as defined by {@link Comparable}.
     * <p>
     * If all the date-times being compared are instances of {@code LocalDateTime},
     * then the comparison will be entirely based on the date-time.
     * If some dates being compared are in different chronologies, then the
     * chronology is also considered, see {@link ChronoLocalDateTime#compareTo}.
     *
     * @param other  the other date-time to compare to, not null
     * @return the comparator value, negative if less, positive if greater
     */
    @Override  // override for Javadoc and performance
    public int compareTo(ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other) {
        if (other instanceof LocalDateTime) {
            return compareTo0((LocalDateTime) other);
        }
        return super.compareTo(other);
    }

    private int compareTo0(LocalDateTime other) {
        int cmp = date.compareTo0(other.getDate());
        if (cmp == 0) {
            cmp = time.compareTo(other.getTime());
        }
        return cmp;
    }

    /**
     * Checks if this date-time is after the specified date-time.
     * <p>
     * This checks to see if this date-time represents a point on the
     * local time-line after the other date-time.
     * <pre>
     *   LocalDate a = LocalDateTime.of(2012, 6, 30, 12, 00);
     *   LocalDate b = LocalDateTime.of(2012, 7, 1, 12, 00);
     *   a.isAfter(b) == false
     *   a.isAfter(a) == false
     *   b.isAfter(a) == true
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * This method only considers the position of the two date-times on the local time-line.
     * It does not take into account the chronology, or calendar system.
     * This is different from the comparison in {@link #compareTo(ChronoLocalDateTime)},
     * but is the same approach as {@link #DATE_TIME_COMPARATOR}.
     *
     * @param other  the other date-time to compare to, not null
     * @return true if this date-time is after the specified date-time
     */
    @Override  // override for Javadoc and performance
    public boolean isAfter(ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other) {
        if (other instanceof LocalDateTime) {
            return compareTo0((LocalDateTime) other) > 0;
        }
        return super.isAfter(other);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if this date-time is before the specified date-time.
     * <p>
     * This checks to see if this date-time represents a point on the
     * local time-line before the other date-time.
     * <pre>
     *   LocalDate a = LocalDateTime.of(2012, 6, 30, 12, 00);
     *   LocalDate b = LocalDateTime.of(2012, 7, 1, 12, 00);
     *   a.isBefore(b) == true
     *   a.isBefore(a) == false
     *   b.isBefore(a) == false
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * This method only considers the position of the two date-times on the local time-line.
     * It does not take into account the chronology, or calendar system.
     * This is different from the comparison in {@link #compareTo(ChronoLocalDateTime)},
     * but is the same approach as {@link #DATE_TIME_COMPARATOR}.
     *
     * @param other  the other date-time to compare to, not null
     * @return true if this date-time is before the specified date-time
     */
    @Override  // override for Javadoc and performance
    public boolean isBefore(ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other) {
        if (other instanceof LocalDateTime) {
            return compareTo0((LocalDateTime) other) < 0;
        }
        return super.isBefore(other);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if this date-time is equal to the specified date-time.
     * <p>
     * This checks to see if this date-time represents the same point on the
     * local time-line as the other date-time.
     * <pre>
     *   LocalDate a = LocalDateTime.of(2012, 6, 30, 12, 00);
     *   LocalDate b = LocalDateTime.of(2012, 7, 1, 12, 00);
     *   a.isEqual(b) == false
     *   a.isEqual(a) == true
     *   b.isEqual(a) == false
     * </pre>
     * <p>
     * This method only considers the position of the two date-times on the local time-line.
     * It does not take into account the chronology, or calendar system.
     * This is different from the comparison in {@link #compareTo(ChronoLocalDateTime)},
     * but is the same approach as {@link #DATE_TIME_COMPARATOR}.
     *
     * @param other  the other date-time to compare to, not null
     * @return true if this date-time is equal to the specified date-time
     */
    @Override  // override for Javadoc and performance
    public boolean isEqual(ChronoLocalDateTime<?> other) {
        if (other instanceof LocalDateTime) {
            return compareTo0((LocalDateTime) other) == 0;
        }
        return super.isEqual(other);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Checks if this date-time is equal to another date-time.
     * <p>
     * Compares this {@code LocalDateTime} with another ensuring that the date-time is the same.
     * Only objects of type {@code LocalDateTime} are compared, other types return false.
     *
     * @param obj  the object to check, null returns false
     * @return true if this is equal to the other date-time
     */
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj) {
            return true;
        }
        if (obj instanceof LocalDateTime) {
            LocalDateTime other = (LocalDateTime) obj;
            return date.equals(other.date) && time.equals(other.time);
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * A hash code for this date-time.
     *
     * @return a suitable hash code
     */
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return date.hashCode() ^ time.hashCode();
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Outputs this date-time as a {@code String}, such as {@code 2007-12-03T10:15:30}.
     * <p>
     * The output will be one of the following ISO-8601 formats:
     * <p><ul>
     * <li>{@code yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm}</li>
     * <li>{@code yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss}</li>
     * <li>{@code yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS}</li>
     * <li>{@code yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSSSS}</li>
     * <li>{@code yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSSSSSSS}</li>
     * </ul><p>
     * The format used will be the shortest that outputs the full value of
     * the time where the omitted parts are implied to be zero.
     *
     * @return a string representation of this date-time, not null
     */
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return date.toString() + 'T' + time.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Outputs this date-time as a {@code String} using the formatter.
     * <p>
     * This date-time will be passed to the formatter
     * {@link DateTimeFormatter#print(TemporalAccessor) print method}.
     *
     * @param formatter  the formatter to use, not null
     * @return the formatted date-time string, not null
     * @throws DateTimeException if an error occurs during printing
     */
    @Override  // override for Javadoc
    public String toString(DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
        return super.toString(formatter);
    }

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    private Object writeReplace() {
        return new Ser(Ser.LOCAL_DATE_TIME_TYPE, this);
    }

    /**
     * Defend against malicious streams.
     * @return never
     * @throws InvalidObjectException always
     */
    private Object readResolve() throws ObjectStreamException {
        throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
    }

    void writeExternal(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
        date.writeExternal(out);
        time.writeExternal(out);
    }

    static LocalDateTime readExternal(DataInput in) throws IOException {
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.readExternal(in);
        LocalTime time = LocalTime.readExternal(in);
        return LocalDateTime.of(date, time);
    }

}