/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000, 2017 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
 * terms of the Eclipse Public License v. 2.0, which is available at
 * http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0.
 *
 * This Source Code may also be made available under the following Secondary
 * Licenses when the conditions for such availability set forth in the
 * Eclipse Public License v. 2.0 are satisfied: GNU General Public License,
 * version 2 with the GNU Classpath Exception, which is available at
 * https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/license.html.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0 OR GPL-2.0 WITH Classpath-exception-2.0
 */

package com.sun.messaging.jms.ra;

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.transaction.xa.XAResource;
import javax.transaction.xa.XAException;
import javax.transaction.xa.Xid;

import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.HashMap;

import com.sun.messaging.jmq.util.XidImpl;
import com.sun.messaging.jmq.jmsclient.Debug;
import com.sun.messaging.jmq.jmsservice.JMSService;
import com.sun.messaging.jmq.jmsservice.JMSServiceReply;
import com.sun.messaging.jmq.jmsservice.JMSServiceException;
import com.sun.messaging.jmq.jmsservice.JMSServiceReply.Status;
import com.sun.messaging.jms.ra.util.DirectXAResourceMap;
import com.sun.messaging.jms.ra.api.JMSRAResourceAdapter;

/**
 * DirectXAResource encapsulates XAResource functionality for DIRECT mode.
 * <p>
 * 
 * The XAResource interface is a Java mapping of the industry standard XA interface based on the X/Open CAE
 * Specification (Distributed Transaction Processing: The XA Specification).
 * 
 * <p>
 * The XA interface defines the contract between a Resource Manager and a Transaction Manager in a distributed
 * transaction processing (DTP) environment. A JDBC driver or a JMS provider implements this interface to support the
 * association between a global transaction and a database or message service connection.
 * 
 * <p>
 * The XAResource interface can be supported by any transactional resource that is intended to be used by application
 * programs in an environment where transactions are controlled by an external transaction manager. An example of such a
 * resource is a database management system. An application may access data through multiple database connections. Each
 * database connection is enlisted with the transaction manager as a transactional resource. The transaction manager
 * obtains an XAResource for each connection participating in a global transaction. The transaction manager uses the
 * <code>start</code> method to associate the global transaction with the resource, and it uses the <code>end</code>
 * method to disassociate the transaction from the resource. The resource manager is responsible for associating the
 * global transaction to all work performed on its data between the start and end method invocations.
 * 
 * <p>
 * At transaction commit time, the resource managers are informed by the transaction manager to prepare, commit, or
 * rollback a transaction according to the two-phase commit protocol.
 * </p>
 */
public class DirectXAResource implements XAResource {

    /** The jmsservice that is assciated with this DirectXAResource */
    private JMSService jmsservice;

    /** The DirectConnection that is associated with this DirectXAResource */
    private DirectConnection dc;

    /** The connectionId (from DirectConnection) for this DirectXAResource */
    private long connectionId;

    /** The default transactionId and xid for this XAResource */
    private long mTransactionId = 0L;
    private XidImpl mXid = null;
    private int id = 0;

    /** Indicates whether this DirectXAResource has been enlisted or not */
    private boolean isEnlisted = false;

    /** Indicates whether this DirectXAResource is used by an MDB */
    private boolean usedByMDB = false;

    /** The xid / transactionId mapping table */
    private HashMap<String, Long> transactionIds = null;
    /**
     * Logging
     */
    private static transient final String _className = "com.sun.messaging.jms.ra.DirectXAResource";
    private static transient final String _lgrNameOutboundConnection = "javax.resourceadapter.mqjmsra.outbound.connection";
    private static transient final String _lgrNameJMSXAResource = "javax.resourceadapter.mqjmsra.xa";
    private static transient final Logger _loggerOC = Logger.getLogger(_lgrNameOutboundConnection);
    private static transient final Logger _loggerJX = Logger.getLogger(_lgrNameJMSXAResource);
    private static transient final String _lgrName = "com.sun.messaging.jms.ra.DirectXAResource";
    private static transient final Logger _logger = Logger.getLogger(_lgrName);
    private static transient final String _lgrMIDPrefix = "MQJMSRA_DXA";
    private static transient final String _lgrMID_EET = _lgrMIDPrefix + "1001: ";
    private static transient final String _lgrMID_INF = _lgrMIDPrefix + "1101: ";
    private static transient final String _lgrMID_WRN = _lgrMIDPrefix + "2001: ";
    private static transient final String _lgrMID_ERR = _lgrMIDPrefix + "3001: ";
    private static transient final String _lgrMID_EXC = _lgrMIDPrefix + "4001: ";

    private static int idCounter = 0;

    /** For optimized logging */
    protected static final int _logLevel;
    protected static final boolean _logFINE;

    /**
     * Possible states of this XAResource
     */
    public static final int CREATED = 0; // after first creation, or after commit() or rollback()
    public static final int STARTED = 1; // after start() called
    public static final int FAILED = 2; // after end(fail) called
    public static final int INCOMPLETE = 3; // after end(suspend) called
    public static final int COMPLETE = 4; // after end (success) called
    public static final int PREPARED = 5; // after prepare() called

    /**
     * State of this XAresource
     */
    private int resourceState = CREATED;

    static {
//        _loggerOC = Logger.getLogger(_lgrNameOutboundConnection);
//        _loggerJX = Logger.getLogger(_lgrNameJMSXAResource);
        java.util.logging.Level _level = _loggerJX.getLevel();
        int tmplevel = java.util.logging.Level.INFO.intValue();
        boolean tmplogfine = false;
        if (_level != null) {
            tmplevel = _level.intValue();
            if (tmplevel <= java.util.logging.Level.FINE.intValue()) {
                tmplogfine = true;
            }
        }
        _logLevel = tmplevel;
        _logFINE = tmplogfine;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new instance of DirectXAResource
     */
    public DirectXAResource(DirectConnection dc, JMSService jmsservice, long connectionId) {
        Object params[] = new Object[3];
        params[0] = dc;
        params[1] = jmsservice;
        params[2] = connectionId;
        _loggerOC.entering(_className, "constructor()", params);
        this.dc = dc;
        this.jmsservice = jmsservice;
        this.connectionId = dc.getConnectionId();
        this.isEnlisted = false;
        this.id = incrementIdCounter();
    }

    private static synchronized int incrementIdCounter() {
        return ++idCounter;
    }

    /**
     * Commit the global transaction specified by xid.
     *
     * @param foreignXid A global transaction identifier
     *
     * @param onePhase If true, the resource manager should use a one-phase commit protocol to commit the work done on
     * behalf of xid.
     *
     * @throws XAException An error has occurred. Possible XAExceptions are XA_HEURHAZ, XA_HEURCOM, XA_HEURRB, XA_HEURMIX,
     * XAER_RMERR, XAER_RMFAIL, XAER_NOTA, XAER_INVAL, or XAER_PROTO.
     *
     * <P>
     * If the resource manager did not commit the transaction and the parameter onePhase is set to true, the resource
     * manager may throw one of the XA_RB* exceptions. Upon return, the resource manager has rolled back the branch's work
     * and has released all held resources.
     */
    public synchronized void commit(Xid foreignXid, boolean onePhase) throws XAException {

        if (_logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
            _logger.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "DirectXAResource (" + this.hashCode() + ") Commit  " + printXid(foreignXid) + " (onePhase=" + onePhase
                    + "), connectionId=" + connectionId);
        }

        // convert to XidImpl
        // XidImpl mqxid = new XidImpl(foreignXid);
        String methodName = "commit()";
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":onePhase=" + onePhase + ":transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId // +"Xid="+mqxid.toString()
            );
        }

        boolean rbrollback = false;
        Exception rbrollbackex = null;

        // JMSServiceReply reply = null;
        JMSServiceReply.Status status;
        try {
            // reply = jmsservice.commitTransaction(this.connectionId,
            jmsservice.commitTransaction(this.connectionId, this.mTransactionId, foreignXid, (onePhase ? XAResource.TMONEPHASE : XAResource.TMNOFLAGS));
            this.setEnlisted(false);
            if (_logFINE) {
                _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":connectionId=" + this.connectionId + ":committed transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId
                // +"Xid="+mqxid.toString()
                );
            }
        } catch (JMSServiceException jse) {
            status = jse.getJMSServiceReply().getStatus();
            String failure_cause = getFailureCauseAsString(status, jse);
            // XXX:tharakan:This message should be in the JMSServiceException
            String exerrmsg = "commitTransaction (XA) on JMSService:" + jmsservice.getJMSServiceID() + " failed for connectionId:" + connectionId
                    + " and onePhase:" + onePhase +
                    // "and Xid:" + mqxid.toString() +
                    " due to " + failure_cause;
            _loggerOC.severe(exerrmsg);
            if (onePhase) {
                rbrollback = true;
                rbrollbackex = jse;
            }
            if (!rbrollback) {
                XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMFAIL);
                xae.initCause(jse);
                throw xae;
            }
        } finally {
            if (!rbrollback) {

                // finish up this resource and any others joined to it in this transaction
                boolean throwExceptionIfNotFound = false;
                XidImpl savedXid = this.mXid;
                DirectXAResource[] resources = DirectXAResourceMap.getXAResources(this.mXid, throwExceptionIfNotFound);
                for (int i = 0; i < resources.length; i++) {
                    DirectXAResource xari = resources[i];
                    try {
                        xari.clearTransactionInfo();
                    } catch (JMSException jmse) {
                        _loggerJX.log(Level.SEVERE, "MQRA:DXAR:commit:XAException-Exception=" + jmse.getMessage(), jmse);
                        Debug.printStackTrace(jmse);
                        XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMFAIL);
                        xae.initCause(jmse);
                        throw xae;
                    }
                }
                DirectXAResourceMap.unregister(savedXid);
            }
        }
        if (rbrollback) {
            XAException xae;
            try {
                rollback(foreignXid, DirectXAResourceMap.MAXROLLBACKS, DirectXAResourceMap.DMQ_ON_MAXROLLBACKS);
                xae = new XAException(XAException.XA_RBROLLBACK);
                xae.initCause(rbrollbackex);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                _loggerJX.log(Level.SEVERE, "Exception on rollback transaction " + foreignXid + "[" + mTransactionId + "] after 1-phase-commit failure", e);
                xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMFAIL);
                xae.initCause(rbrollbackex);
            }
            throw xae;
        }
    }

    private String getFailureCauseAsString(JMSServiceReply.Status status, JMSServiceException jse) {
        String failure_cause;
        if (jse.getCause() == null) {
            failure_cause = jse.toString();
        } else {
            failure_cause = jse.getCause().toString();
        }
        switch (status) {
        case CONFLICT:
            failure_cause = "CONFLICT: " + failure_cause;
            break;
        default:
            failure_cause = "Unknown JMSService server error " + status + ": " + failure_cause;
        }
        return failure_cause;
    }

    public synchronized void clearTransactionInfo() throws JMSException {
        dc.deleteTemporaryDestinationsIfClosed();

        this.resourceState = CREATED;
        this.mTransactionId = 0L;
        this.mXid = null;
    }

    /**
     * End the work performed on behalf of a transaction branch. The resource manager disassociates the XA resource from the
     * transaction branch specified and lets the transaction complete.
     *
     * <p>
     * If TMSUSPEND is specified in the flags, the transaction branch is temporarily suspended in an incomplete state. The
     * transaction context is in a suspended state and must be resumed via the <code>start</code> method with TMRESUME
     * specified.
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * If TMFAIL is specified, the portion of work has failed. The resource manager may mark the transaction as
     * rollback-only
     * </p>
     *
     * <p>
     * If TMSUCCESS is specified, the portion of work has completed successfully.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param foreignXid A global transaction identifier that is the same as the identifier used previously in the
     * <code>start</code> method.
     *
     * @param flags One of TMSUCCESS, TMFAIL, or TMSUSPEND.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred. Possible XAException values are XAER_RMERR, XAER_RMFAILED, XAER_NOTA,
     * XAER_INVAL, XAER_PROTO, or XA_RB*.
     */
    public synchronized void end(Xid foreignXid, int flags) throws XAException {

        if (_logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
            _logger.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "DirectXAResource (" + this.hashCode() + ") End     " + printXid(foreignXid) + printFlags(flags) + ", connectionId="
                    + connectionId);
        }

        String methodName = "end()";
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":flags=" + flags + ":transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId // +
            // ":Xid="+mqxid.toString()
            );
        }

        // update the resource state
        if (isFail(flags)) {
            resourceState = FAILED;
        } else if (isSuspend(flags)) {
            resourceState = INCOMPLETE;
        } else {
            resourceState = COMPLETE;
        }

        if (JMSRAResourceAdapter.isRevert6882044()) {
            // revert to pre-6882044 behaviour and forward all events to broker
            sendEndToBroker(foreignXid, flags);
        } else {
            // now decide whether to send an END packet to the broker on the basis of the resource state
            if (resourceState == COMPLETE) {
                // only send an END packet to the broker when all joined resources are complete
                // this works around Glassfish issue 7118
                boolean allComplete = true;
                DirectXAResource[] resources = DirectXAResourceMap.getXAResources(this.mXid, true);
                for (int i = 0; i < resources.length; i++) {
                    DirectXAResource xari = resources[i];
                    if (xari.getResourceState() != COMPLETE) {
                        allComplete = false;
                    }
                }
                if (allComplete) {
                    sendEndToBroker(foreignXid, flags);
                }
            } else if (resourceState == FAILED) {
                sendEndToBroker(foreignXid, flags);
            }
            // if resourceState is neither COMPLETE nor FAILED then it must be INCOMPLETE
            // in which case we don't send the END to the broker
        }

        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":connectionId=" + this.connectionId + ":ended transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId
            // +"Xid="+mqxid.toString()
            );
        }

    }

    /**
     * Notify the broker than end() has been called
     * 
     * @param foreignXid
     * @param flags
     * @throws XAException
     */
    public synchronized void sendEndToBroker(Xid foreignXid, int flags) throws XAException {

        // convert to XidImpl
        // XidImpl mqxid = new XidImpl(foreignXid);
        String methodName = "endToBroker()";
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":flags=" + flags + ":transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId // +
            // ":Xid="+mqxid.toString()
            );
        }
        // JMSServiceReply reply = null;
        JMSServiceReply.Status status;
        try {
            // reply = jmsservice.endTransaction(this.connectionId,
            jmsservice.endTransaction(this.connectionId, this.mTransactionId, foreignXid, flags);
            if (_logFINE) {
                _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":connectionId=" + this.connectionId + ":ended transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId
                // +"Xid="+mqxid.toString()
                );
            }
        } catch (JMSServiceException jse) {
            status = jse.getJMSServiceReply().getStatus();
            String failure_cause = getFailureCauseAsString(status, jse);
            // XXX:tharakan:This message should be in the JMSServiceException
            String exerrmsg = "endTransaction (XA) on JMSService:" + jmsservice.getJMSServiceID() + " failed for connectionId:" + connectionId +
            // "and Xid:" + mqxid.toString() +
                    " and flags=" + flags + " due to " + failure_cause;
            _loggerOC.severe(exerrmsg);
            XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMERR);
            xae.initCause(jse);
            throw xae;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Tell the resource manager to forget about a heuristically completed transaction branch.
     *
     * @param foreignXid A global transaction identifier.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred. Possible exception values are XAER_RMERR, XAER_RMFAIL, XAER_NOTA,
     * XAER_INVAL, or XAER_PROTO.
     */
    public synchronized void forget(Xid foreignXid) throws XAException {
        // convert to XidImpl
        // XidImpl mqxid = new XidImpl(foreignXid);
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.warning(_lgrMID_INF + "forget()UNSUPPORTED" + ":Xid=" + foreignXid.toString() + ", connectionId=" + connectionId);
        }
        XidImpl xidToForget = new XidImpl(foreignXid);
        DirectXAResourceMap.unregister(xidToForget);
        if (mXid != null) {
            if (mXid.equals(xidToForget)) {
                try {
                    clearTransactionInfo();
                } catch (JMSException jmse) {
                    _loggerJX.log(Level.SEVERE, "MQRA:DXAR:forget:XAException-Exception=" + jmse.getMessage(), jmse);
                    Debug.printStackTrace(jmse);
                    XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMFAIL);
                    xae.initCause(jmse);
                    throw xae;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Obtains the current transaction timeout value set for this XAResource instance. If
     * <CODE>XAResource.setTransactionTimeout</CODE> was not used prior to invoking this method, the return value is the
     * default timeout set for the resource manager; otherwise, the value used in the previous
     * <CODE>setTransactionTimeout</CODE> call is returned.
     *
     * @return The transaction timeout value in seconds.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred. Possible exception values are XAER_RMERR and XAER_RMFAIL.
     */
    public int getTransactionTimeout() throws XAException {
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "getTransactionTimeout() = 0");
        }
        return 0;
    }

    private synchronized int getResourceState() {
        return resourceState;
    }

    /**
     * This method is called to determine if the resource manager instance represented by the target object is the same as
     * the resouce manager instance represented by the parameter <i>xares</i>.
     *
     * @param foreignXaRes An XAResource object whose resource manager instance is to be compared with the resource manager
     * instance of the target object.
     *
     * @return <i>true</i> if it's the same RM instance; otherwise <i>false</i>.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred. Possible exception values are XAER_RMERR and XAER_RMFAIL.
     *
     */
    public boolean isSameRM(XAResource foreignXaRes) throws XAException {
        boolean result;
        if (JMSRAResourceAdapter.isSameRMAllowed() && (foreignXaRes instanceof DirectXAResource)) {
            result = true;
        } else {
            result = false;
        }

        if (_logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
            _logger.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "DirectXAResource (" + this.hashCode() + ") comparing with (" + foreignXaRes.hashCode() + ") result=" + result
                    + ", connectionId=" + connectionId);
        }

        return result;

    }

    /**
     * Ask the resource manager to prepare for a transaction commit of the transaction specified in xid.
     *
     * @param foreignXid A global transaction identifier.
     *
     * @return A value indicating the resource manager's vote on the outcome of the transaction. The possible values are:
     * XA_RDONLY or XA_OK. If the resource manager wants to roll back the transaction, it should do so by raising an
     * appropriate XAException in the prepare method.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred. Possible exception values are: XA_RB*, XAER_RMERR, XAER_RMFAIL,
     * XAER_NOTA, XAER_INVAL, or XAER_PROTO.
     */
    public synchronized int prepare(Xid foreignXid) throws XAException {

        if (_logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
            _logger.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "DirectXAResource (" + this.hashCode() + ") Prepare     " + printXid(foreignXid) + ", connectionId=" + connectionId);
        }

        // convert to XidImpl
        // XidImpl mqxid = new XidImpl(foreignXid);
        String methodName = "prepare()";
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId // +
            // :Xid="+mqxid.toString()
            );
        }

        // JMS does not do RDONLY transactions
        int result = XA_OK;

        // JMSServiceReply reply = null;
        JMSServiceReply.Status status;
        try {
            // reply = jmsservice.prepareTransaction(this.connectionId,
            jmsservice.prepareTransaction(this.connectionId, this.mTransactionId, foreignXid);
            if (_logFINE) {
                _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":connectionId=" + this.connectionId + ":prepared transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId
                // +"Xid="+mqxid.toString()
                );
            }
        } catch (JMSServiceException jse) {
            status = jse.getJMSServiceReply().getStatus();
            String failure_cause = getFailureCauseAsString(status, jse);
            // XXX:tharakan:This message should be in the JMSServiceException
            String exerrmsg = "prepareTransaction (XA) on JMSService:" + jmsservice.getJMSServiceID() + " failed for connectionId:" + connectionId +
            // "and Xid:" + mqxid.toString() +
                    " due to " + failure_cause;
            _loggerOC.severe(exerrmsg);
            XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMERR);
            xae.initCause(jse);
            throw xae;
        }

        // update the resource state
        resourceState = PREPARED;

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Obtain a list of prepared transaction branches from a resource manager. The transaction manager calls this method
     * during recovery to obtain the list of transaction branches that are currently in prepared or heuristically completed
     * states.
     *
     * @param flags One of TMSTARTRSCAN, TMENDRSCAN, TMNOFLAGS. TMNOFLAGS must be used when no other flags are set in the
     * parameter.
     *
     * @return The resource manager returns zero or more XIDs of the transaction branches that are currently in a prepared
     * or heuristically completed state. If an error occurs during the operation, the resource manager should throw the
     * appropriate XAException.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred. Possible values are XAER_RMERR, XAER_RMFAIL, XAER_INVAL, and
     * XAER_PROTO.
     */
    public Xid[] recover(int flags) throws XAException {
        if (_logFINE) {
            // String methodName = "recover()";
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "recover():flags=" + flags + ", connectionId=" + connectionId);
        }
        javax.transaction.xa.Xid[] result = null;
        JMSServiceReply.Status status;
        try {
            result = jmsservice.recoverXATransactions(this.connectionId, flags);
        } catch (JMSServiceException jse) {
            status = jse.getJMSServiceReply().getStatus();
            String failure_cause = getFailureCauseAsString(status, jse);
            // XXX:tharakan:This message should be in the JMSServiceException
            String exerrmsg = "recoverXATransactions (XA) on JMSService:" + jmsservice.getJMSServiceID() + " failed for connectionId:" + connectionId
                    + " due to " + failure_cause;
            _loggerOC.severe(exerrmsg);
            XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMERR);
            xae.initCause(jse);
            throw xae;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Inform the resource manager to roll back work done on behalf of a transaction branch.
     *
     * @param foreignXid A global transaction identifier.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred.
     */
    public synchronized void rollback(Xid foreignXid) throws XAException {
        rollback(foreignXid, -1, false);
    }

    private synchronized void rollback(Xid foreignXid, int maxRollbacks, boolean dmqOnMaxRollbacks) throws XAException {

        if (_logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
            _logger.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "DirectXAResource (" + this.hashCode() + ") Rollback  " + printXid(foreignXid) + "), connectionId=" + connectionId);
        }

        // convert to XidImpl
        // XidImpl mqxid = new XidImpl(foreignXid);
        String methodName = "rollback()";
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId // +
            // ":Xid="+mqxid.toString());
            );
        }

        // JMSServiceReply reply = null;
        JMSServiceReply.Status status;
        try {
            // reply = jmsservice.rollbackTransaction(this.connectionId,
            jmsservice.rollbackTransaction(this.connectionId, this.mTransactionId, foreignXid, true, true, maxRollbacks, dmqOnMaxRollbacks);
            this.setEnlisted(false);
            if (_logFINE) {
                _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":connectionId=" + this.connectionId + ":rolled back transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId
                // +"Xid="+mqxid.toString()
                );
            }
        } catch (JMSServiceException jse) {
            status = jse.getJMSServiceReply().getStatus();
            String failure_cause = getFailureCauseAsString(status, jse);
            // XXX:tharakan:This message should be in the JMSServiceException
            String exerrmsg = "rollbackTransaction (XA) on JMSService:" + jmsservice.getJMSServiceID() + " failed for connectionId:" + connectionId
                    + ":transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId +
                    // "and Xid:" + mqxid.toString() +
                    " due to " + failure_cause;
            _loggerOC.severe(exerrmsg);
            XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMERR);
            xae.initCause(jse);
            throw xae;
        } finally {
            // finish up this resource and any others joined to it in this transaction
            boolean throwExceptionIfNotFound = false;
            DirectXAResource[] resources = DirectXAResourceMap.getXAResources(this.mXid, throwExceptionIfNotFound);
            XidImpl savedXid = this.mXid;
            for (int i = 0; i < resources.length; i++) {
                DirectXAResource xari = resources[i];
                try {
                    xari.clearTransactionInfo();
                } catch (JMSException jmse) {
                    _loggerJX.log(Level.SEVERE, "MQRA:DXAR:rollback:XAException-Exception=" + jmse.getMessage(), jmse);
                    Debug.printStackTrace(jmse);
                    XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMFAIL);
                    xae.initCause(jmse);
                    throw xae;
                }
            }
            DirectXAResourceMap.unregister(savedXid);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Set the current transaction timeout value for this <CODE>XAResource</CODE> instance. Once set, this timeout value is
     * effective until <code>setTransactionTimeout</code> is invoked again with a different value. To reset the timeout
     * value to the default value used by the resource manager, set the value to zero.
     *
     * If the timeout operation is performed successfully, the method returns <i>true</i>; otherwise <i>false</i>. If a
     * resource manager does not support explicitly setting the transaction timeout value, this method returns <i>false</i>.
     *
     * @param transactionTimeout The transaction timeout value in seconds.
     *
     * @return <i>true</i> if the transaction timeout value is set successfully; otherwise <i>false</i>.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred. Possible exception values are XAER_RMERR, XAER_RMFAIL, or XAER_INVAL.
     */
    public boolean setTransactionTimeout(int transactionTimeout) throws XAException {
        if (_logFINE) {
            // String methodName = "setTransactionTimeout()";
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "setTransactionTimeout()=" + transactionTimeout + ":returning false.");
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Start work on behalf of a transaction branch specified in <code>foreignXid</code>.
     *
     * If TMJOIN is specified, the start applies to joining a transaction previously seen by the resource manager. If
     * TMRESUME is specified, the start applies to resuming a suspended transaction specified in the parameter
     * <code>foreignXid</code>.
     *
     * If neither TMJOIN nor TMRESUME is specified and the transaction specified by <code>foreignXid</code> has previously
     * been seen by the resource manager, the resource manager throws the XAException exception with XAER_DUPID error code.
     *
     * @param foreignXid A global transaction identifier to be associated with the resource.
     *
     * @param flags One of TMNOFLAGS, TMJOIN, or TMRESUME.
     *
     * @throws XAException If an error has occurred. Possible exceptions are XA_RB*, XAER_RMERR, XAER_RMFAIL, XAER_DUPID,
     * XAER_OUTSIDE, XAER_NOTA, XAER_INVAL, or XAER_PROTO.
     *
     */
    public synchronized void start(Xid foreignXid, int flags) throws XAException {

        if (_logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
            _logger.fine(_lgrMID_INF + "DirectXAResource (" + this.hashCode() + ") Start   " + printXid(foreignXid) + printFlags(flags) + ", connectionId="
                    + connectionId);
        }

        // convert to XidImpl
        // XidImpl mqxid = new XidImpl(foreignXid);
        String methodName = "start()";
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":flags=" + flags + ":connectioId=" + this.connectionId
            // +"Xid="+mqxid.toString()
            );
        }

        // if we're reverting to the pre-6882044 behaviour always send the START to the broker
        // otherwise send the START to the broker only if this is not a TMRESUME
        if (!isResume(flags) || JMSRAResourceAdapter.isRevert6882044()) {
            long transactionId = sendStartToBroker(foreignXid, flags);
            validateAndSaveXidTransactionID(foreignXid, transactionId);
            DirectXAResourceMap.register(mXid, this, isJoin(flags));
        }

        this.setEnlisted(true);
        if (_logFINE) {
            _loggerJX.fine(_lgrMID_INF + methodName + ":connectionId=" + this.connectionId + ":started transactionId=" + this.mTransactionId
            // +"Xid="+mqxid.toString()
            );
        }
    }

    private long sendStartToBroker(Xid foreignXid, int flags) throws XAException {
        long transactionId;
        try {
            // We must be sessionId agnostic
            JMSServiceReply reply = jmsservice.startTransaction(connectionId, 0L, foreignXid, flags, JMSService.TransactionAutoRollback.UNSPECIFIED, 0L);
            try {
                transactionId = reply.getJMQTransactionID();
            } catch (NoSuchFieldException nsfe) {
                String exerrmsg = _lgrMID_EXC + "JMSServiceException:Missing JMQTransactionID";
                XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMFAIL);
                xae.initCause(nsfe);
                _loggerOC.severe(exerrmsg);
                throw xae;
            }

        } catch (JMSServiceException jse) {
            JMSServiceReply.Status status = jse.getJMSServiceReply().getStatus();
            String failure_cause;
            if (status == Status.NOT_IMPLEMENTED) {
                failure_cause = "TransactionAutoRollback not implemented.";
            } else {
                failure_cause = getFailureCauseAsString(status, jse);
            }
            String exerrmsg = "startTransaction (XA) on JMSService:" + jmsservice.getJMSServiceID() + " failed for connectionId:" + connectionId +
            // "and Xid:" + mqxid.toString() +
                    " due to " + failure_cause;
            _loggerOC.severe(exerrmsg);
            XAException xae = new XAException(XAException.XAER_RMFAIL);
            xae.initCause(jse);
            throw xae;
        }
        return transactionId;
    }

    /**
     * Validate the specified foreignXid and transactionID Convert the specified foreignXid to our own implementation and
     * save in the fields mTransactionId and mXid
     * 
     * @param foreignXid
     * @param transactionId
     */
    private synchronized void validateAndSaveXidTransactionID(Xid foreignXid, long transactionId) {
        assert transactionId != 0L;
        if ((this.mTransactionId == 0L) && (this.mXid == null)) {
            this.mTransactionId = transactionId;
            this.mXid = new XidImpl(foreignXid); // mqxid;
        } else {
            if (this.mXid.equals(foreignXid)) {
                if (this.mTransactionId != transactionId) {
                    _loggerJX.log(Level.INFO,
                            "DXAR:start():Warning: XAResource with state " + getStateAsString() + " received diff txId for same Xid:"
                                    + "switching transactionId:" + "\nDXAR TXid=" + this.mTransactionId + "\ngot  TXid=" + transactionId + "\nFor   Xid="
                                    + printXid(mXid));
                    this.mTransactionId = transactionId;
                }
            } else {
                _loggerJX.log(Level.INFO,
                        "DXAR:start():Warning: XAResource with state " + getStateAsString() + " received diff Xid for open txnId:" + "switching transactionId:"
                                + "\nDXAR  Xid=" + printXid(mXid) + "\nDXAR TXid=" + this.mTransactionId + "\ngot   Xid=" + printXid(foreignXid)
                                + "\ngot  TXid=" + transactionId);
                // remove transactionId and xid as it will be wrong if used
                this.mTransactionId = transactionId;
                this.mXid = new XidImpl(foreignXid); // mqxid;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Set the enlisted flag on this DirectXAResource
     *
     * @param value The boolean indicating whether it is enlisted or not
     */
    public synchronized void setEnlisted(boolean value) {
        this.isEnlisted = value;
        // Only change the enlisted state on the connection if it is not an MDB
        if (!this.usedByMDB && (this.dc != null)) {
            this.dc.setEnlisted(value);
        }
    }

    protected void _setUsedByMDB(boolean value) {
        this.usedByMDB = value;
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of the enlisted flag for this DirectXAResource
     *
     * @return The enlisted state of this DirectXAResource. {@code true} If it has been enlisted in an XA transaction.<b>
     * {@code false} If it currently not enlistedin an XA transaction.
     */
    public synchronized boolean isEnlisted() {
        return this.isEnlisted;
    }

    public synchronized void setRollback(boolean state, Throwable cause) {

    }

    public int _getId() {
        return this.id;
    }

    public long _getTransactionId() {
        return this.mTransactionId;
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private String printXid(Xid foreignXid) {
        return ("(GlobalTransactionID=" + foreignXid.getGlobalTransactionId()) + ", BranchQualifier=" + foreignXid.getBranchQualifier() + ") ";
    }

    private boolean isJoin(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMJOIN) == XAResource.TMJOIN);
    }

    private boolean isResume(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMRESUME) == XAResource.TMRESUME);
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private boolean isNoFlags(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMNOFLAGS) == XAResource.TMNOFLAGS);
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private boolean isFail(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMFAIL) == XAResource.TMFAIL);
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private boolean isOnePhase(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMONEPHASE) == XAResource.TMONEPHASE);
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private boolean isSuccess(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMSUCCESS) == XAResource.TMSUCCESS);
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private boolean isSuspend(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMSUSPEND) == XAResource.TMSUSPEND);
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private boolean isTMENDRSCAN(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMENDRSCAN) == XAResource.TMENDRSCAN);
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private boolean TMSTARTRSCAN(int flags) {
        return ((flags & XAResource.TMSTARTRSCAN) == XAResource.TMSTARTRSCAN);
    }

    // Used for debugging only
    private String printFlags(int flags) {
        String result = ("(Flags: ");
        if (isJoin(flags)) {
            result = result + ("JOIN ");
        }
        if (isNoFlags(flags)) {
            result = result + ("TMNOFLAGS ");
        }
        if (isFail(flags)) {
            result = result + ("TMFAIL ");
        }
        if (isOnePhase(flags)) {
            result = result + ("TMONEPHASE ");
        }
        if (isResume(flags)) {
            result = result + ("TMRESUME ");
        }
        if (isSuccess(flags)) {
            result = result + ("TMSUCCESS ");
        }
        if (isSuspend(flags)) {
            result = result + ("TMSUSPEND ");
        }
        if (isTMENDRSCAN(flags)) {
            result = result + ("TMENDRSCAN ");
        }
        if (TMSTARTRSCAN(flags)) {
            result = result + ("TMSTARTRSCAN ");
        }
        result = result + (")");
        return result;
    }

    private String getStateAsString() {
        switch (getResourceState()) {
        case CREATED: // after first creation, or after commit() or rollback()
            return "CREATED";
        case STARTED: // after start() called
            return "STARTED";
        case FAILED: // after end(fail) called
            return "FAILED";
        case INCOMPLETE: // after end(suspend) called
            return "INCOMPLETE";
        case COMPLETE: // after end (success) called
            return "COMPLETE";
        case PREPARED: // after prepare() called
            return "PREPARED";
        default:
            return Integer.toString(getResourceState());
        }
    }

}
